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Rinkeby Swedish
Rinkeby Swedish (''Rinkebysvenska'') is any of a number of varieties of Swedish spoken mainly in urban districts with a high proportion of immigrant residents which emerged as a linguistic phenomenon in the 1980s. Rinkeby in Stockholm is one such suburb, but the term Rinkeby Swedish may sometimes be used for similar varieties in other Swedish cities as well. A similar term is ''Rosengårdssvenska'' ("Rosengård Swedish") after the district Rosengård in Malmö. The Swedish Language Council recommends the term ''shobresvenska'' ("Sho Bre Swedish", from its expression ''"Sho bre!"'', meaning "Hey bro!"). The one magazine in Sweden published in these varieties, Gringo, proposes 'miljonsvenska' ("Million Swedish") based on the Million Programme.〔Anastasia Nylund, ("'Our local dialect' or 'the slang of suburban boys'? Public discourses of sociolinguistic authenticity, community and place in multicultural Sweden" ), ''Texas Linguistic Forum'' 53 (2009), 121-30, p. 121 (pdf)〕 Swedish Language Council recommends "förortssvenska" (suburban Swedish).
Different varieties of Rinkeby Swedish exist which are based on the regional dialects, especially in the major urban centers of Stockholm (Svealand dialects), Malmö (Scanian) and Gothenburg (western Götaland dialects).
==Classification==
Opinions among linguists differ on whether to regard Rinkeby Swedish as a sociolect, dialect, ethnolect, or maybe a "multiethnolect". Since the number of influencing languages involved is rather large, and extremely few speakers are likely to be fluent in more than a few of these, the definition of pidgin language may appear more accurate than that of mixed language. The varieties may also be characterized as a register for informal communication between peers, since the speakers often use them only in specific social contexts and switch to other varieties where appropriate.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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